art
英 [ɑːt 美 [ɑrt]
n. 艺术；美术；艺术品
adj. 艺术的；艺术品的
v. 是(be的变体)
n. (Art)人名；(泰、柬)阿；(英)阿特
中文词源
art 艺术
来自词根ar, 连接，组合。
英文词源
art
art:
[13] Like
arm
,
arthritis
, and
article
,
art
goes back to an Indo-European root *ar-, which meant ‘put things together, join’。Putting things together implies some skill: hence Latin
ars
‘skill’。 Its stem art- produced Old French art, the source of the English word。 It brought with it the notion of ‘skill’， which it still retains; the modern association with painting, sculpture, etc did not begin until the mid 17th century。
Latin derivatives of
ars
include the verb artīre ‘instruct in various skills’， from which ultimately English gets artisan [16]; and artificial, a compound formed with a variant of facere ‘do, make’， from which we get artificial [14]。
The word "art" has its roots in Old French, where it was first recorded as "art" in the 10th century. This is thought to be derived from Latin, where "artem" was the nominative form of the same root word. The etymological meaning of "artem" is "work of art" or "practical skill", and it is believed to have been related to the root word *ar-ti-, which also gave us words such as Sanskrit rtih (meaning "manner" or "mode"), Greek arti (meaning "just"), and Armenian arnam (meaning "make").
It is important to note that the word "art" has undergone many changes over time, reflecting the evolution of language and culture. In Middle English, for example, the term was often used to describe any kind of skilled work, including crafts and trades. By the time of the Renaissance, however, the term began to refer specifically to fine arts such as painting and sculpture. Today, the word "art" can be used to describe a wide range of creative and skilled pursuits, from music and literature to architecture and engineering.
The word art has evolved over time and taken on various meanings. In Middle English, it often referred to a sense of "skill in scholarship and learning" (c. 1300), especially in the seven sciences or liberal arts. This definition is still reflected in phrases such as Bachelor of Arts and other forms of human craftsmanship.
Another meaning of art emerged during the late 14th century when it began to refer to "human workmanship" (as opposed to nature). This term was first recorded in c. 1600 when the word started to be used to describe cunning and trickery. By the 1610s, the word had been adapted to refer specifically to "skill in creative arts," particularly in painting and sculpture. The broader sense of the word remained in use for centuries.
In 1767, the term fine arts was introduced to describe those works that appeal to both the mind and imagination. The French phrase, l'art pour l'art, was translated into English as "expression art for art's sake" in 1824. Art criticism was not a new concept by the 1840s, but it wasn't until 1847 that the term "art critic" was first recorded.
Finally, in 1888, the Arts and Crafts movement was founded in London and helped popularize the term "arts and crafts" to describe decorative design and handcraft. Today, the meaning of art continues to evolve and change, reflecting advances in technology, culture, and society as a whole.
The concept of art has been a traditional expression of certain heroic and religious truths that have been passed down from generation to generation, modified by individual geniuses, but never abandoned. However, the emergence of individualism can be attributed to the degradation of this tradition, or rather, the acceptance of a spurious copy in its place. This is what William Butler Yeats referred to as Supreme art.
Art can be defined as a creative endeavor that involves the expression of emotions, thoughts, and ideas through various mediums like painting, sculpture, music, literature, and more. It involves a conscious effort to create something that stands out for its unique qualities and is not just another popular or folk creation. The word "art" comes from Old English eart (meaning "handiwork") and is closely related to the German word kunstlied (meaning "art song").
Examples of art include paintings like Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa or Vincent van Gogh's Starry Night, sculptures like Michelangelo's David, or even music like Beethoven's Symphony No. 9. These artworks are often seen as masterpieces because they represent the highest level of artistic expression and creativity. Additionally, the rise of new forms of art such as conceptual art or street art reflects the evolving nature of art as it continues to adapt to changes in society and technology.
In conclusion, Supreme art is a timeless expression of human creativity that has stood the test of time due to its ability to convey complex ideas and emotions. Its evolution over the years has reflected the changing values and beliefs of society, but ultimately remains an essential part of our cultural heritage.
在上世纪50年代，劳申伯格就已经敏锐地预见到了80年代概念艺术运动的兴起。他深知艺术的潜力，并坚信其将在未来的社会中发挥重要作用。
与此同时，柯林斯也有着自己的见解。在他的描述中，一座房子不仅宽敞，而且充满了各种艺术珍品。这些艺术品不仅仅是装饰品，更是对人类创造力和想象力的赞美。
